Category Archives: Adventures

Return to Seoul: traditional village

Adventures, trains and train stations, travelling in Korea, ,

After an evening in Itaewon, we woke up slowly on Sunday morning; slow but insensibly cheered by the appearance of the sun. I used to find it strange that people from places like the UK talked so very much about the weather. These days I do it myself. I still think it I a bit odd, but the weather, and particularly the lack of sun, is such a big part of life here in Korea (especially in Daegu). It also mean that a little sunshine is enough to make any day better, even if it’s still fairly chilly.

We set off to do some more exploring. We caught the bus to the city centre area, getting off at the Sejeong Performing Arts Centre. This central area of Seoul is more open than most of the built-up areas because there are open, ‘square’-style areas. There are also magnificent (and sometimes bizarre) statues to the leading figures of the country, alongside luxury hotels and financial centre buildings. It really does feel like a modern city centre capable of competing with any other city centre in the world. From here, we caught a cab to Namsangol Traditional Korean Village.

The concept of a traditional or folk village bothers some people because they feel like it’s all fake and just created to get money out of tourists. Apart from the fact that most of the folk villages in Korea are free and set up to educate Koreans as well as foreigners, I quite like the attempt to represent the everyday lives of people who lived in a very different time. I suppose the attempt to represent social history accurately appeals to me. It’s probably also particularly important in a country that has modernised so quickly it would be very easy for the old ways to be lost forever within a generation or two.

Namsangol Traditional Village is not in fact a recreation of a village that existed or a ‘typical’, hypothetical village that could have existed. Instead, five residences (including houses and outhouses and sometimes servants quarters) were all relocated and restored here so that different social strata are represented and also that the homes represented are those of real historical figures. It is a different approach. I haven’t seen enough of the other approach to be able to compare. For now, it was just great to be able to get a closer look at life during the Joseon period through the lens of these five households.

The first house was that of Sunjeong Hyo Empress Yun’s parents. This is the home where the future Empress lived until she was 13, when she was designated the wife of the crown prince. It’s always a jolt to be reminded of how young marriages happened in the past, and even in the not so distant past : this was in 1906. The house was beautiful. Each room was set up with beautiful old furniture, brightly coloured bedding and polished metal. I particularly loved the wood – the doors, the cupboards, the tables. I’ve always loved old wood but wood is particularly important in Korean homes because it is reasonably plentiful on the peninsula.

The second house was a residence built for the 27th king of Joseon by his father in law so that he could use it when he came to pay respects to his ancestors (as is part of the Korean tradition). The father in law built it when his daughter was designated a second wife of this king. Around the back of the house, as well as what looked like an outdoor oven, what looked like a Teepee made of straw. When we looked closer, there were three of the traditional brown, shiny storage pots (what I tend to refer to as kimchi pots) buried up to their necks inside the hut. Of course, there were no information boards to explain why. We’ll have to keep wondering.

The other three houses were those of the husband of a princess, a military commander and a regents chief carpenter. In each, we saw bedrooms with beautiful wooden dressers with bedrolls stacked on top of them, clothing hanging on bars from the walls and stunning old lamps. The floors of Korean houses are raised so that there is space for the heating fires under the floors. These kitchens, however were deeper, to provide access to the fires of what looked a lot like aga-style stoves (except less fancy). Large black pots and kettles in unfamiliar shapes sat on stove plates. Garlic and dried plants hung on the walls. Piles of wood waited to add to the heat. Unexpectedly (at least for me), what looked like half-calabashes hung on the walls. In a bedroom, we saw rolled up straw mats next to a high table with ‘ancestor chair’ and the small tables used by those sitting on the floor on cushions all hung on the wall for storage. Definitely an original way to store tables you don’t know what to do with.

In several of the houses, there was a real person dressed in traditional clothing working on some aspect of traditional art and willing, for a small fee, to show everyone else their traditional writing, traditional music and traditional clothing. We didn’t stop to try any of these out but we did enjoy the addition of live models to the quiet old houses. In the central area, we walked past families playing traditional games, several of which I’d seen at the Daegu museum and several of which also reminded me forcibly of some of the traditional games back home. There was even a game where children run along with a bent piece of wire (which is a specially made tool) and a metal ring, trying to keep the ring going. Watching them, I couldn’t help but picture African children in tatty clothes with a stick and an old tyre running along dusty roads. I suppose some things really are universal.

We wandered the park area for a while and also saw the Seoul time capsule. The time capsule, containing 600 items representing current life in Seoul, was buried in 1994 to mark the 600th anniversary of Seoul as the capital of Korea. It is rather ambitiously designed to be opened in 400 years time on the 1000th anniversary of the same. Unfortunately, it’s not particularly impressive to look at and the idea that Seoul will still be Seoul and still be capital in another 400 years seems a little optimistic to me, but perhaps that has to do with my South African view of how long things last. The rest of the part was prettier and we particularly enjoyed the combination of pine trees and water features. We also found a little gazebo-type place made of wood that reminded me so, so strongly of church pews in far-flung farm churches in the Eastern Cape in South Africa. I stopped to take some pictures and run my fingers along the smooth wood surface. Strange associations from two Eastern Cape girls 10 000 miles from home.

By this stage, we were a little cold and definitely hunger so we found a Chinese restaurant – my friend  has a very useful knack for finding Chinese restaurants. After a late lunch of shrimp-fried rice, fried meat dumplings and the most delicious pork and vegetable spring rolls, my second trip to Seoul was almost over and after we chatted for a bit more before I headed off to the station.

The final little bit of my trip took an unexpected turn. The economy tickets for the next KTX to Daegu were sold out. I debated waiting for a later train but I was fairly tired and not in the mood for sitting around so I took a chance and checked the price of a first class ticket. It was definitely more expensive but not completely unreasonable and I figured I could chalk it up to experiencing something new, so I bought one. The KTX train is a fairly luxurious train experience. It feels a lot – from the design of the stations to the seats – like a modern plane, except with more leg-room. There are even ‘cabin attendants’ who could very easily work on planes. Given this, I should probably not have been surprised that the first class is very much like a the first class on a plane. The seats are huge, with ridiculous amounts of space to stretch out and relax. There are only three seats in each row – one on the left and two on the right. Next to me was a huge window with blinds and curtains to block out whatever I didn’t wish to see. Of course, it was evening so there wasn’t much to see anyway, especially with the lights within the train reflecting on the windows. The amount of space was excessive and I wouldn’t have paid the extra if it hadn’t been for getting home earlier, but it was nice to enjoy a little luxury for a bit.

Return to Seoul: a palace, a museum, sushi and cupcakes

Adventures, Seoul, trains and train stations, travelling in Korea, ,

I have made the most fantastic discovery. On my way to Seoul this weekend, I had a 20 minute wait at the Dong-Daegu Train Station (because the train I’d been aiming for was sold out), so I went in search of something to wake me up and found not only decent coffee but also a cupcake shop. The cupcake craze which has taken a lot of Western cities by storm over the past few years didn’t ever really make it to South Africa, but I have always found cupcakes irresistible. This is the first time I have seen a single cupcake in my almost 9 months in Korea, so there was absolutely no way I was going to walk away. I bought four cupcakes (two black forest and two dark chocolate) and was given an extra one as ‘service’ – something free that the shop-owner gives you because you bought a lot. So breakfast before I got on the high-speed train was strong, dark coffee and a decadent chocolate cupcake. Sometimes living in Korea is not very Korean.

Just over an hour and a half later, I arrived in Seoul. Arriving in Seoul is always a reminder that wherever I have come from is a tiny village compared to this huge urban sprawl. When combined with Incheon – they’re so close they share a subway system – Korea’s capital has a population of over 20 million and is the second largest metropolitan area in the world. It’s a little intimidating to stare out of the train window as you enter the dense mass of skyscrapers and traffic and roads but it’s also a little exhilarating to leave the small city I live in and visit the bright lights for a couple of days.

I met up at the station with the friend I was visiting and, after coffee and a bit of catching up, we headed off to visit Gyeongbokgung (Gyeongbok Palace), the largest of the five grand palaces in Seoul. The construction of Gyeongbokgung was ordered in 1394 and it was the royal headquarters, delightfully called the “Palace of Shining Happiness”, for over 200 years, according to my guide book. It’s subsequent fate tells the story of Korea’s history over the rest of the millennium. The palace grounds once held nearly 400 buildings but most were burnt down when the Japanese invaded in the 1590s. It was finally rebuilt after the coronation of child-king Gojong in 1863. Soon afterwards, the Japanese invaded again. In 1895, one of the wives of this king who was considered an obstacle to the Japanese, was assassinated in the palace grounds, a precursor to the full-scale Japanese invasion of 1910. During the Japanese occupation of Korea, this palace, formerly a symbol of Korean pride and national identity, was used by the Japanese for police interrogation and torture and they moved things around, like palace gates and built additional structures with, seemingly, the express purpose of destroying the symbolic form of the palace. The Japanese Governor-General’s residence was also within the palace complex. After the Japanese finally left with the end of the Second World War, parts of the palace were further destroyed during the Korean War. These days the palace complex has largely been rebuilt, with work still going on to recreate the rest, and is a monument to life in the Joseon dynasty, including various representations of traditional life and a great museum.

The last time I was in Seoul we visited Changdeokgung, which is the only palace to have been granted UNESCO World Heritage status. It was fascinating but the thing about World Heritage sites is that the efforts to preserve sometimes limit the experiences of visitors. At Changdeokgung we were only allowed to walk around with a tour-group and it was all a little sterile. From the moment we arrived, Gyeongbokgung was anything but. We stopped to take a look at a particularly beautiful ancient stone stupa (1085)  within the grounds but outside the actual palace complex. As we came around the corner and walked towards the main gate, a group of palace guards in bright red uniforms with black hats and weapons marched past us to the beat of their military drummers. There is something a little surreal about military guards in uniforms belonging to another millennium marching past you as you look up at the gate of a grand palace. The entrance was also guarded by guards in various uniforms, some with flags and others with shields and long sticks. Their colours, from bright red to purple and sky-blue, and the varied flags fluttering in the chilly wind, complemented the colours of the palace gate and the huge painted drum outside, as we got our tickets (3000 won) and wound our way between them and into the actual complex.

Once inside the palace complex, we found ourselves looking up at a large central hall – the throne room or Geungjeongjeon. You can’t walk into the throne room but looking through the open doors on the sides and in the front, you can see the elaborate, detailed (and shiny) throne with the royal screen behind it. The throne is on a raised dais under an awesome ceiling in amazing colours and designs. Around the dais, in the spacious room, are lamps and jars and wooden pillars. The room is set up as it would have been at the time. In front of the throne are two narrow tables with cushions around them, where the scribes would have sat. These scribes, according to a guide we overheard explaining to another group of foreigners, would have sat there throughout the days, recording everything the king did or said to create the record of the kings life that was sealed until after his death: a memoir captured moment by moment as the days of his reign went by.

Beyond the main hall, we wandered through the many buildings of the complex, each restored and carefully maintained, some, including the residence of the queen, with furnishings set up to show how things would have looked. Unlike the previous palace, here we were able to wander everywhere we wanted on our own. One of the joys of Korean palaces is just being able to spend time wandering around and taking in the incredible detail in the roofs and roof tiles, as well as the symmetry and elegance of the way buildings are spaced out. These palaces are not like Western buildings where everything is clustered under rooves. Here, the courtyards form an important part of the design with passages around the edges and buildings set apart in the centre of courtyards. The courtyards are like white space on a printed page, adding to the drama of each hall or building because they create an open space around them. Sometimes water is used to do the same thing. We looked across a lake at the pavilion where festivities and events would presumably have been held (Gyeonghoeru or Royal Banquet Pavilion). The people who lived banqueted here are long since gone but the water still laps at the small island where the pavilion stands and fish still swim through the water. Behind us, I noticed some of the chimneys that would have carried away the smoke from the fires used to heat the rooms. According to my guidebook, the water in the lake was used not only to add beauty to the banquet hall, but also to put out the fires that inevitably accompanied the use of underfloor wood or charcoal fires (particularly in buildings constructed using rather a lot of wood).

Further on, we looked up the steps to multi-story temple-style building, longing to be able to climb the steps – something that is not allowed in order to preserve the old construction. It is particularly beautiful and strikingly Asian. Alongside this, a few buildings have been set up as models of life in the early 20th century, with the house of a scribe and shop of a traditional healer, a comic book shop, a restaurant and (of course) a beauty salon, among others. There is little explanation but the setting is obvious from things like radios and movie posters (James Dean, among others) scattered around the place. We were intrigued by the information outside a model of a little shop selling shoes and the tradition wide-brimmed, black hats, to read that the hats are called ‘gat’ (which only those who speak Afrikaans will understand).

From there we went into the museum underneath the multi-story temple-y type building. I have mentioned before, I love museums, but am often frustrated by the sterile approach to history some museums employ, presenting artefacts as individual finds rather than part of the narratives of the history of the time. This museum, the National Folk Museum of Korea, took a different approach and instead of simply presenting historical things, tried to recreate and explain the context. The exhibitions range from the ‘Life Cycles of Koreans’ gallery, which attempts to present traditional life experiences from the bridal bed and birth, first birthdays and childhood to weddings, sports, war, the way different classes lived and old age – complete with traditional games – and death. Another area presents different aspects of traditional life. At one point, there is a truly magnificent funeral bier, ornately decorated with figures of birds and animals and people and painted in bright greens and reds, blues and yellows and oranges. The information board said that it was carried by between 12 and 24 pallbearers. It certainly looked large enough and heavy enough to require that many men. There was also a bridal palanquin – a little like a covered sedan chair meant to be carried by four men and used to transport the bride to the home of her husband after the wedding ceremony. There were also displays of traditional farming, fishing and other ordinary living activities, including what looked for all the world like a scarecrow and turned out to be a raincoat made of bundles of straw. It is impossible to detail all the things we saw but it was a great museum, far more modern, of course, than the Gyeongju museum (because this one focuses mainly on the much later Joseon period, rather than the Silla dynasty) but also focussing on social history, rather than royalty or archaeological finds.

This is the second time I have visited a palace on a misty, wintry day but it adds to, rather than detracts from the experience. Before we left, we went to another small lake where a much smaller, but even more beautiful, pavilion stands on a tiny island, connected to the outside world by a narrow wooden bridge. In the background, the mountain peaks were shrouded in mist and the grey day gave an eerie timelessness to the bare trees set around the gardens within the complex walls. At one point, as we walked back towards the main gate, we came through a doorway into a courtyard and we were the only people there. I had a sudden moment, in the dusky light of the misty, overcast day, picturing what it must have been like waking through these same grounds on the same kind of late-winter day hundreds of years ago at the height of the Joseon dynasty.

After leaving the Gyeongbok complex, we found – after a little trial and error – a great little Japanese restaurant. I’ve been craving sushi for ages so it was a great find. Our fairly inexpensive meal included, as is so often the case here, several different courses. We started with sweet pumpkin soup and then a cabbage salad with a yummy sauce, a variety of sushi and sashimi, including prawn (wow) and salmon (yay), miso soup and prawn and sweet potato tempura with a sweetish sauce with a hint of ginger, all accompanied by tea and the usual side dishes (including kimchi because it’s not a meal in Korea unless there is kimchi). We were seated at a table in a private room, with sliding doors pulled shut around us by the woman serving us, opening only as she brought us yet more food. We sat and chatted as we savoured the gorgeous meal and sipped warm tea. It was almost difficult to leave the warm, cosy restaurant and go back out into the chilly afternoon.

Return to Gyeongju: museum without walls (part 2)

Adventures, travelling in Korea,

After visiting the museum, I set off up the road to Anapji pond. On the previous visit to Gyeongju, we made a very brief and very cold stop at this pleasure garden of the past but I wanted very much to go back there and really get a sense of what it must have been like in its heyday, when noblemen and queens, dignitaries and palace guards walked the paths on perfect afternoons and held great feasts in the halls and gardens.

Anapji pond is beautiful. In 674 King Munmu created a pleasure garden with rare and exotic plants and animals at this site and had built a man-made pond in roughly the shape of his kingdom (the recently unified Korean peninsula). The shape of the pond is such that it is impossible to see all of it from any point on the edge, so that around every corner, you see a new and often even more beautiful bit of the gardens. Because the area fell into disuse after the Silla kingdom fell to the Goryeo dynasty and the capital was moved elsewhere, there are no longer exotic plants and animals here, but it is easy to imagine what it must have been like in those days.

I took the chance as soon as I got to Anapji to settle down on a bench for a little while and take a break. It’s a perfect spot to rest. Unfortunately, because winter is still with us, the area is not at it’s green and luscious best and several of the smaller pools are empty – I assume so that they are not damaged by freezing water – but it is still lovely.

After resting awhile, I set off at a gentle stroll to walk around the pond. I also somehow managed to go in the wrong direction. I didn’t see any signs indicating how one is supposed to walk around the pond but perhaps they were in Korean, or there is some Korean custom of only walking around bodies of water in a clockwise direction. Either way, I was definitely going in the opposite direction to everyone I met.

As I walked past bamboo stands and many, many Koreans having their photographs taken, I looked out at the few reconstructed rooms of the palace that once stood on the other side of the pond. The water was not blue and clear as it must have been then but, past the island on my left, I could see the Korean-roofed rooms and could picture the upper classes of the time laughing and chatting and feasting, with torches burning and reflecting in the pond’s water, on a summer evening. Or women sitting together looking out towards my position, at the animals on the small island and the ducks and geese, for which the pond was named, alighting on the water. Or foreign visitors walking with advisors to the king as they discussed great treaties and trade agreements. It is said that part of the design of the gardens included twelve small hills meant to replicate twelve mountains in China so that the Chinese diplomats would feel at home.

I turned a corner and came to a section of the pond that bulges out from the main body. The water looked a little murky with the dried out leaves of water lilies floating on top. On closer inspection I discovered that the murkiness was, in fact, ice. As usual, I was taken aback by the strangle-hold the cold really has here – the weather wasn’t warm but it certainly didn’t seem freezing and the sun was shining right onto the water and yet here was a layer of ice with dead leaves frozen into it just floating defiantly on the surface of the lake.

Having meandered the whole way around the pond in the wrong direction, I stopped to look at the three reconstructed structures on the other side. These three rooms all stand on the edge of the pond, looking out across the water and would have formed part of the larger palace. They have been constructed exactly in the spots where excavation of the area suggests they would have stood originally. The rest of the palace has not been reconstructed, but a pattern of walkways and lawns has been set up to give an indication of just how large the rooms would have been and the general shape and size can be estimated, especially with the added assistance of various models. One of the rooms of this hall would have been the Imhaejeon Hall where a banquet was held for King Taejo, founder of the Goryeo dynasty that took over control of the united Korean peninsula from the Silla monarchy. Some sources suggest that the end to Silla rule (935AD) took place in that very hall, right here at Anapji pond.

Although a detached palace, the Imhaejeon site (including Anapji Pond) would, during the height of the Silla era, have stood next to Banwolseong Fortress – the main palace-fortress in Gyeongju – the name of which means, when literally translated, ‘crescent moon shape on top of hill’. Today, the palace/fortress is gone and all that remains is open land surrounded by forest except for a few ruins – a moat, an ice-house (505AD) and a playground which may or may not date from a later period. Records and excavation suggestion, however, that this was a great and important fortress that stood for hundreds of years from the date of its construction in 101AD. I walked through the old palace area and up towards the Cheomseongdae Observatory – the oldest astronomical observatory in the East – which I had seen on the last visit but which was worth stopping to marvel at one more time before heading on towards the tombs.

Every culture has it’s own approach to burying the dead. Some argue that evidence of funeral rights is one of the things that indicates the start of modern human life and separates humans from animals. In Korea, as in most places, burial traditions changed over time. The Tumuli of the Silla period are considered precious to the history of Korea and are part of the World Heritage-designated Gyeongju Historic Areas. I have seen tumuli before – at Bullo-dong in Daegu. The tombs in Gyeongju are much, much bigger than those I saw in Daegu. One of the tombs, Hwangnamdaechong, a huge double-tomb, thought to be the final resting place of a royal couple and is 23m high, 120m North to South and 80m East to West. As you walk through the park, they tower above you like small mountains. But man-made mountains. A little, I suppose, like small pyramids. The interior constructions made me think about the little I know about pyramids (mostly from movies and TV shows and probably wrong). In the burial chamber a tomb like this is a wooden coffin containing the body – complete with funeral finery in dress and jewellery – and a wooden chest filled with the treasures of the king, queen or noble person being buried. Around these, a wooden chamber is then built. On top of and all around this chamber are piled metres and metres of stones and rock and gravel, until finally a layer of sand and grass cover the mound.

Some of the most famous and some that have been excavated are clustered in the Tumuli park (Daereungwon). These layers of stone, along I imagine with legends, taboos and fears, protected these tombs for hundreds and in some cases thousands of years before the archaeologists came along and started to excavate, very carefully and reverently and found their treasures and construction intact. From what I can gather, most of these tombs still haven’t been excavated. They still stand, therefore, in their original form.

A few of the tombs still live in the legends of Korea today. King Mich’u (13th King of the Silla dynasty) during his 22-year reign built up the power of his kingdom and defended it from the threat of invasion from neighbouring countries. After his death, the country came under fierce attack. It looked as though they might be defeated and overrun. And then, the legend goes, the late king sent an army of soldiers from beyond the grave to drive off the invaders and save his kingdom. The ghost soldiers fought gallantly alongside the living soldiers and succeeded in defeating the enemy.  During the subsequent revelry they all disappeared, leaving behind only bamboo leaves. For this reason, the tomb of King Mich’u is called Chukhyonnung or ‘Bamboo Soldier Tomb’.

One of the tombs has been excavated and is open to the public to enter. It’s a great way to show visitors what the inside of these tombs would have looked like, and coincidentally the type of display I prefer to the more sterile approach of the museum I had seen earlier. The inside is half-empty with displays along the walls of some of the artefacts found in the tomb and an area set up to show how the coffin and wooden treasure-chest would have been laid out. It was fascinating to see and made wandering around the rest of the park more interesting as I imagined what might be inside each one. This particular tomb also has a special name. When it was excavated, some of the items found in this tomb included horse-things like stirrups and bells and, most importantly, saddle or saddle ornaments with the image of a flying horse painted on the side. As a result this tomb is known as ‘Heavenly Horse Tomb‘. I couldn’t help thinking that my younger sister would enjoy the fact that one of the most famous and most popular of the Gyeongju tombs has a horse theme.

By this stage, I was starving, so I decided to brave the language barrier and stop into one of the restaurants near the tomb park. This area of Gyeongju is known for a particular dish: Ssambap. ‘Bap’ is rice in Korean and Ssambap is a meal where you roll a little rice with sauces, vegetables and various other bits and pieces in lettuce or some other green leaf and eat it like a ‘wrap’. I have never eaten it before and I was a little nervous to go into a restaurant by myself and order it, but I wanted to, so I went into the first place I saw. The non-English speaking lady at the restaurant showed me to a table and brought me a cup of tea. ‘Cup’ here being a handle-less mug. ‘Tea’ here referring to something non-ceylon – don’t ask me what. She then started bringing me dishes. And then more dishes. And then more dishes. Ssambap has lots and lots of dishes with little servings of things that can be eaten on Ssambap. I didn’t count the dishes but there must have been at least 20, including spicy tofu soup and (I think) seaweed soup. She also showed me (no words, of course) how to eat it. I felt a little odd sitting by myself at a table with a sea of little dishes in front of me but the food was delicious. I’m not normally that mad about Korean food but there was something – one of the sauces or maybe the meat or perhaps the grass-like green stuff – that was yummy. I tried all of the banchan (side-dishes) except the gray stuff that looked a little like dried fish bones. There was no way I was going to finish everything, but I had a good meal and was feeling full and satisfied by the time I left. The whole sea of plates and different tastes cost just 9000 won – not bad for a meal probably meant for two or three people.

The whole cost of the day was pretty minimal – trains 7300 won each way, museum free, Anapji Pond 1000 won (R7), Tumuli Park 1500 won (R10) – and definitely worth it. It was now heading for the end of the day’s light and time to head back to Daegu, so, after popping into a souvenir shop where I resisted the urge to buy a mini, replica Emile Bell (because it would be too heavy to take home), I set off on foot back to the station.

On the way, I spent lots of time looking at the town around me. Just across the road from the Tumuli park, between some other tall tombs and the thousand-plus year old Observatory, children were flying kites and playing baseball. At one point I wandered past some smaller (and possibly older) tombs just next to the main road, between houses and little shops. It occurred to me that during the whole day I had felt as though the people around me – the children in the museum, the groups of teens walking through the old palace/fortress, the families in the Tumuli Park, had somehow not been paying enough attention to the how old and precious it all was. I hadn’t been consciously aware of it, but I think I was subtly annoyed by their lack of reverence for it and interest in it. I wondered if it was because it’s all so different to the history I know. But I don’t think that was it. I’ve always seen history as something different – something apart from what is now.

Watching those boys playing baseball with the huge tombs in the background, I started to wonder if part of that sense of separation from history comes from the fact that the place I claim as my heritage is not the place where my ancestors walked and lived and were buried. For these Korean children, the world has not changed that much since the times when these Kings and Queens ruled in Gyeongju. There are modern conveniences and high-tech facilities and everyone has education. But the food they eat isn’t that different and people are still buried in earthen mounds and, perhaps importantly, the people buried in those tombs and the people who worked for them, are probably their direct ancestors.

And, more than that, it is a line they can trace without disruptions. In my first few months in Korea, I started to get annoyed with websites and people telling me that Korea has a history a couple of thousand years old. Everyone has a history which is thousands of years old, I thought, so why is this special? The difference is they have an unbroken history of thousands of years. For a white girl from Africa, indeed for anyone from Southern Africa, the amazingness history comes in disjointed bursts. There are layers contributed by different peoples at different times. It is impossible to draw a straight line from the Cradle of Humankind to the people living in Gauteng today – which perhaps contributes to my refusal to see history as a single, linear narrative. Here, the history is one unbroken line. It also might explain why so many Koreans struggle to think of the Korean peninsula as two different countries – the Korean war in the 1950s and the separation since is just a short tangle in the single long story. They even have a Ministry of Unification. In spite of all the invasions and foreign interference, Korea has remained one country with a common history since it became the Unified Silla Kingdom in 668AD. I wonder if Koreans who travel to other parts of the world ever start to sense that difference and if makes them feel as foreign in other places as it made me feel in Gyeongju.

Back at the train station, I caught the (somewhat delayed) Saemaul train home and headed out to an Indian restaurant (and yummy lamb curry) for a friend’s birthday dinner, but the sense of difference and other-ness has remained with me all the week. It’s a little bit uncomfortable and has spurred me to spend some more time thinking seriously about what comes next but I suppose I should see it as a reminder that one of the reasons history is important is that it challenges us to consider who we are in the overwhelming presence of the human past.